How to call Lisbon in Portugal from United States: 011 - Exit code when making an international call from United States. 351 - Portuguese country code for inbound calls. - Lisbon city code. 011 + 351 + + Local Number - International dialing code format. World time zone information:December. $598. Peak Season: Flights to Portugal are packed in the summer months, when the long, sunny days and comfortable nights cooled by the tidal winds of the Atlantic have visitors flocking to the shores from all corners of the globe. In Portugal, summer temperatures are in the mid-70s; winters are rainy and cool.Explore the best small group tours through Spain & Portugal. Choose from 37 unique tour itineraries with 20 past traveller reviews from 11 leading tour operators. September is the most popular month to join a small group tour through Spain & Portugal with 695 departures starting between April 2024 and December 2025.New York - Portugal. Book New York to Portugal flight deals* Known for its great maritime explorers and Moorish architecture, Portugal’s Mediterranean climate and varied …Our local teams will reach out to you with an update on the status of your visa application and return of passport after receiving the instructions from the respective Embassy/Consulate. You will receive an intimation on your passport basis the option selected for Self-pick or Courier. VFS Global is guided by the respective client …Compare cheap New York to Portugal flight deals from over 1,000 providers. Then choose the cheapest plane tickets or fastest journeys. Flight tickets to Portugal start from $179 …To appeal a denial notice of your Portugal Schengen visa, you have the following options: Appeal at the Portugal embassy/consulate that processed your application. You can appeal the decision within 15 days of receiving notice of the refusal, revocation, or annulment. This appeal follows Article 191 of the Administrative Procedure Code (CPA).Eastbound Transatlantic Crossing, 7 nights, May 5, 2024. Experience the romance of sailing transatlantic from New York on board Queen Mary 2. Cherish uninterrupted sea days to spend as you please as you sail between continents on …New York City. United States. JFK. John F. Kennedy International Airport. Funchal (Madeira) Portugal. FNC. Madeira Airport. Check Prices. Flight schedule. su. mo. tu. …Flights. To Portugal. United States - Lisbon. Discover cheap flights from United States to Lisbon with TAP Air Portugal. Fly with a modern fleet and enjoy award-winning service. Find flight deals today.GET A FREE DOMESTIC OR INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS SHIPPING QUOTE ONLINE. Packages and pallets, big and small, we can offer you an instant quote for your shipping needs both domestically and internationally. Fill out your shipment details below to discover your quotes. If you are satisfied, simply continue to book.Portuguese NYC. Portuguese NYC is centered in Newark, New Jersey and Astoria, Queens. Portuguese food is delicious with amazing seafood including bacalhau (salted cod). Fado music is popular around the world. We love Portuguese people and culture, but Portugal was a colonizer. Even worse, Portugal started and ran much of the Atlantic …New York USA Time and Portugal Time Converter Calculator, New York Time and Portugal Time Conversion Table. TIMEBIE · US Time Zones · Canada · Europe · Asia · Middle East · Australia · Africa · Latin America · Russia · Search Time Zone · Multiple Time Zones · Sun Rise Set · Moon Rise Set · Time Calculation · Unit Conversions.Try again. The 12 Night Transatlantic Cruise visits Cape Liberty, New Jersey; Madeira, Portugal; La Coruna, Spain; Paris, France; Southampton, England. Explore our cruise itineraries and choose from a variety of rooms depending on your needs and budget. Start planning your next cruise vacation by selecting a destination and departure port.Find cheap cruises from New York City to Portugal on Tripadvisor. Search for great cruise deals and compare prices to help you plan your next Portugal cruise vacation from New York City.There are 3 airlines that fly nonstop from New York to Lisbon. They are: Delta, TAP AIR PORTUGAL and United Airlines. The cheapest price of all airlines flying this route was …Services by mail. 01 June 2023. The Consulate General of Portugal in New York, accepts applications of Birth Registration, Marriage Registration, Death Registration, Consular Registration, Luggage Certificates and Residency Certificates by mail. This measure aims to free in-person appointments and respond to the needs of Portuguese and ...How to call Lisbon in Portugal from United States: 011 - Exit code when making an international call from United States. 351 - Portuguese country code for inbound calls. - Lisbon city code. 011 + 351 + + Local Number - International dialing code format. World time zone information:Services by mail. 01 June 2023. The Consulate General of Portugal in New York, accepts applications of Birth Registration, Marriage Registration, Death Registration, Consular Registration, Luggage Certificates and Residency Certificates by mail. This measure aims to free in-person appointments and respond to the needs of Portuguese and ...GET A FREE DOMESTIC OR INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS SHIPPING QUOTE ONLINE. Packages and pallets, big and small, we can offer you an instant quote for your shipping needs both domestically and internationally. Fill out your shipment details below to discover your quotes. If you are satisfied, simply continue to book.New York - Portugal. Book New York to Portugal flight deals* Known for its great maritime explorers and Moorish architecture, Portugal’s Mediterranean climate and varied …The deal includes round-trip business-class flights from New York and New Jersey airports to various European cities: From JFK-LGW in mid-January, you can snag a flight in business-class for $1,648.97 round-trip. If you want to wait until the spring, there are flights available in March from ERW-VIE at $1,734 round-trip for business class seats.Travel with everything you need without having to worry about anything. Carry-on baggage. Maximum dimensions: 120 cm / 47 in. Maximum weight: 10 kg / 22 lbs. Limit varies according to class/destination. Find out more. Checked baggage. 158 cm/62 in. Maximum weight: 32 kg/70 lbs.When you apply for a Portugal Visa, you have to pay the processing fee, as follows: Portugal Schengen Visa (adults and children over 12) – €80. Portugal Schengen Visa (children between 6 and 12) – €40. Portugal Schengen Visa (children under 6) …Flight deals from New York to Porto. Looking for a cheap last-minute deal or the best round-trip flight from New York to Porto? Find the lowest prices on one-way …The geographic midpoint between New-York and Portugal is in 1,695.59 mi (2,728.79 km) distance between both points in a bearing of 91.16°. The shortest distance (air line) between New-York and Portugal is 3,391.18 mi (5,457.57 km). The shortest route between New-York and Portugal is according to the route planner. The driving time is approx. .There are 2 non-stop flights from New York, New York to Portugal. Delta Air Lines. United Airlines. See the full list of airline routes and airports to book your trip. You may need to drive to a nearby airport to get a direct flight. Use the form below to … The two airlines most popular with KAYAK users for flights from New York to Lajes are TAP AIR PORTUGAL and Azores Airlines. With an average price for the route of $828 and an overall rating of 7.1, TAP AIR PORTUGAL is the most popular choice. Azores Airlines is also a great choice for the route, with an average price of $655 and an overall ... New York to Porto Flights. Flights from EWR to OPO are operated 10 times a week, with an average of 1 flight per day. Departure times vary between 00:10 - 22:50. The earliest flight departs at 00:10, the last flight departs at 22:50. However, this depends on the date you are flying so please check with the full flight schedule above to see ... Flights. To Portugal. United States - Lisbon. Discover cheap flights from United States to Lisbon with TAP Air Portugal. Fly with a modern fleet and enjoy award-winning service. Find flight deals today.Whether you crave epicurean delights and the freshest seafood on the planet, ornate cathedrals and palaces, Roman ruins, or intriguing cobbled old towns, Portugal will deliver. Experience Portugal's warm weather, history, culture, and delicious cuisine on one of our Portugal tour packages and enjoy exclusive AARP member discounts.New York City to Faro, Portugal. $406. New York City to Porto. $424. New York City to Funchal. $501. New York City to Ponta Delgada. $467. New York City to Terceira.The Portugal–US Chamber of Commerce in New York was founded in 1979 to stimulate economic development, ... The Harvard Club - NYC . Dinner or Gala. 04. Oct. 04. Oct-04. Oct. Moving to Portugal: explore a world of opportunities in real …Find cheap flights from New York to Azores from $239. Round-trip. 1 adult. Economy. 0 bags. Add hotel. Sat 5/18. Sat 5/25. Search. Direct flights only. Search hundreds of …The total flight duration from New York, NY to Lisbon, Portugal is 7 hours, 15 minutes. This assumes an average flight speed for a commercial airliner of 500 mph, which is equivalent to 805 km/h or 434 knots. It also adds an extra 30 minutes for take-off and landing. Your exact time may vary depending on wind speeds.Visa Fees . VFS service fee of US $41.07 (inclusive of VAT) is charged per visa application, in addition to the applicable visa fee. Applicants applying in San Francisco and Washington DC are required to pay the Visa Fee by way of a money order or Banker / Cashier check in favor of the “Consulate General of Portugal”. Find flights to Portugal from $196. Fly from New York John F Kennedy Airport on TAP AIR PORTUGAL, Vueling, Azores Airlines and more. Search for Portugal flights on KAYAK now to find the best deal. Based on KAYAK searches from the last 72 hours, if you fly from Boston, you should have a good chance of getting the best deal to Lisbon as it was the cheapest place to fly from.Prices were found for as low as $242 one-way and $462 for a round-trip flight. Also in the last 72 hours, the most popular connection to Lisbon was from Washington, D.C. …Find cheap flights from New York to Porto from $267. Round-trip. 1 adult. Economy. 0 bags. Add hotel. qui 5/23. qui 5/30. Search. Direct flights only. Search hundreds of travel sites …There are 3 airlines that fly nonstop from New York to Lisbon. They are: Delta, TAP AIR PORTUGAL and United Airlines. The cheapest price of all airlines flying this route was …In just 16 nights, sail from Manhattan to Bermuda, Portugal, Spain, the south of France, and Italy on the Norwegian Escape, a ship that accommodates just over 4,000 passengers and is sure to offer ...fly for about 7.5 hours in the air. 9:30 pm (local time): Lisboa (LIS) Lisbon is 5 hours ahead of New York City. so the time in New York City is actually 4:30 pm. taxi on the runway for an average of 15 minutes to the gate. 9:45 pm (local time): arrive at the gate at LIS. deboard the plane, and claim any baggage.Embark on your next thrilling adventure with a Portugal vacation package, and leave knowing the finer details are taken care of. Plus with the ability to customize your escape, you know it'll be one to remember! A well-thought-out itinerary is a must for your trip to Portugal. Lisbon District, Porto and Lomba de Égua are among the top cities here.December. $598. Peak Season: Flights to Portugal are packed in the summer months, when the long, sunny days and comfortable nights cooled by the tidal winds of the Atlantic have visitors flocking to the shores from all corners of the globe. In Portugal, summer temperatures are in the mid-70s; winters are rainy and cool. There are 2 airlines that fly nonstop from New York to Porto. They are TAP AIR PORTUGAL and United Airlines. The cheapest airline for this route is TAP AIR PORTUGAL, with the best one-way deal found costing $495. On average, the best prices for this route can be found at TAP AIR PORTUGAL. Stroll past the Flowers Bridge and enjoy the scent of seasonal blooms. Marvel at the Lonja de la Seda, a striking 15th-century building that was once a mercantile center for trading silk. Cruise to Spain and Portugal with Celebrity, the Best Premium Cruise Line. View sailings, explore excursions and book your cruise on CelebrityCruises.com.Travelmath provides flight information to help you plan a trip. You can calculate things like the straight line distance between cities. Or if you're taking an international flight and you want to plan your arrival time, check the flight time between airports. You can also book a hotel near the airport. If you're planning to travel overseas to ...Portuguese NYC. Portuguese NYC is centered in Newark, New Jersey and Astoria, Queens. Portuguese food is delicious with amazing seafood including bacalhau (salted cod). Fado music is popular around the world. We love Portuguese people and culture, but Portugal was a colonizer. Even worse, Portugal started and ran much of the Atlantic …11 Days. 16 Cities. 1 Country. This Best of Portugal journey reveals a nation’s proud history, warm-hearted locals and soul-warming cuisine. Starting in Lisbon, you’ll travel north and south to explore a Templar stronghold, watch thoroughbreds perform at an Alentejo farm and visit the Algarve. FROM. $2,095.We’ve chosen to work with only the best industry partners, such as Canine Companions for Independence. pet transport people. Since 1978, our pet transportation business has been trusted by families to safely relocate their pets all over the world. We are a family-owned and operated business that believes that the pets who move with us are ...Portugal, which has reaped more than €5.8 billion in investment from the visas, modified its program in October to remove real estate as an investment to reduce …Portugal, which has reaped more than €5.8 billion in investment from the visas, modified its program in October to remove real estate as an investment to reduce …GRS Certified Italian Recycled Nylon Swim Trunks Made in Portugal. Find Us At. WORKING WITH FRIENDS Special Projects. ... A Collection of Our Favorite Pieces From Marseille to NYC. Ace Hotel. GOTS Certified Organic Cotton T-Shirts Made in Portugal. SALT. Optics. GOTS Certified Organic Cotton Made in Japan & Portugal.Flights. To Portugal. United States - Lisbon. Discover cheap flights from United States to Lisbon with TAP Air Portugal. Fly with a modern fleet and enjoy award-winning service. Find flight deals today.Explore the best small group tours through Spain & Portugal. Choose from 37 unique tour itineraries with 20 past traveller reviews from 11 leading tour operators. September is the most popular month to join a small group tour through Spain & Portugal with 695 departures starting between April 2024 and December 2025.U.S. Citizens with emergencies, please call 21-727-3300 Outside of Portugal: 351-21-727-3300 Outside of Office Hours, contact: 21-727-3300 Outside of Portugal: 351-21-727-3300An antipode, or antipodal point, is the point on the planet that is located diametrically opposite to a specific geographic location, and therefore, is the farthest point in the world from that location. The antipode of any place can be identified by drawing an imaginary straight line that passes through the center of the planet and reaches the ...The flight from Madeira back to New York will depart on Fridays at 5:05 p.m., arriving in New York at 7:55 p.m. This flight schedule will adjust as the IATA summer period begins in March 2023 ...In just 16 nights, sail from Manhattan to Bermuda, Portugal, Spain, the south of France, and Italy on the Norwegian Escape, a ship that accommodates just over 4,000 passengers and is sure to offer ...Flights to Andalusia, Spain. $612. Flights to Asturias, Spain. $373. Flights to Balearic Islands, Spain. View more. Find flights to Spain from $195. Fly from New York on PLAY, TAP AIR PORTUGAL and more. Search for Spain flights on …An antipode, or antipodal point, is the point on the planet that is located diametrically opposite to a specific geographic location, and therefore, is the farthest point in the world from that location. The antipode of any place can be identified by drawing an imaginary straight line that passes through the center of the planet and reaches the ...Compare cheap New York to Portugal flight deals from over 1,000 providers. Then choose the cheapest plane tickets or fastest journeys. Flight tickets to Portugal start from $179 …Which is the best airline for flights from New York to Funchal, Azores Airlines or TAP AIR PORTUGAL? The two airlines most popular with KAYAK users for flights from New York to Funchal are Azores Airlines and TAP AIR PORTUGAL. With an average price for the route of $612 and an overall rating of 7.2, Azores Airlines is the most popular choice.Chicago to Lisbon Flights. Travel Period May 06 - May 14, 2024. Delta Comfort+® $2,467. Main Cabin $847. Book. The coastal country of Portugal, bordered by Spain on the Iberian Peninsula, often feels like a time capsule – seemingly salted into stasis by the mist of the Atlantic Ocean. The medieval structures and cobblestone streets of the ... There are 2 airlines that fly nonstop from New York to Porto. They are TAP AIR PORTUGAL and United Airlines. The cheapest airline for this route is TAP AIR PORTUGAL, with the best one-way deal found costing $495. On average, the best prices for this route can be found at TAP AIR PORTUGAL. Cheap Flights from Porto to New York (OPO-NYC) Prices were available within the past 7 days and start at $279 for one-way flights and $452 for round trip, ... Select TAP Portugal flight, departing Fri, May 24 from Porto to Newark, returning Sun, Jun 2, priced at $474 found 4 days ago. Wed, May 22 - Mon, Jun 3. OPO. Porto. EWR.Portland, Ore. Jordan Gale for The New York Times. By German Lopez. Published Aug. 4, 2023 Updated Jan. 12, 2024. When Oregon was getting ready to vote on whether to decriminalize all drugs in ...Looking for cruises from New York to Portugal? Find and plan your next cruise from New York to Portugal on Cruise Critic with a variety of departure dates and popular cruise lines to choose from.The TAP Experience. Fly in Business Class. Fly in Economy. Discover the fleet. Play a round of golf with TAP. Local Stars: National cuisine at TAP. At the airport. At the airport. Premium Customer Center.British Airways TAP AIR PORTUGAL Royal Air Maroc American Airlines Delta. Search by price $790 or less $1,080 or less $1,180 or less $1,260 or less $1,570 or less. Flights to Morocco. Return flight deals: Morocco - New York. Cabin classes: First Class flights to Morocco. $1,663. Business Class flights to Morocco.Estimated Car Shipping Cost to Portugal. Ideal for shipping car, motorcycle, truck, specialty vehicle, equipment and boat. Sedan (in-container) $1,651.00. SUV (in-container) $1,701.00.Jan 16, 2024 · Both NYC and Portugal have well-developed logistics and transportation infrastructure. NYC’s major ports, including the Port of New York and New Jersey, offer efficient shipping services, while Portugal’s ports, such as Lisbon and Porto, are strategically positioned for distributing goods throughout Europe. The total flight duration from Lisbon, Portugal to New York, NY is 7 hours, 15 minutes. This assumes an average flight speed for a commercial airliner of 500 mph, which is equivalent to 805 km/h or 434 knots. It also adds an extra 30 minutes for take-off and landing. Your exact time may vary depending on wind speeds.Flights ». United States ». New York State ». New York. $552. Flights from New York John F Kennedy Intl Airport to Madeira. $915. Flights from New York LaGuardia Airport to Madeira.Services by mail. 01 June 2023. The Consulate General of Portugal in New York, accepts applications of Birth Registration, Marriage Registration, Death Registration, Consular Registration, Luggage Certificates and Residency Certificates by mail. This measure aims to free in-person appointments and respond to the needs of Portuguese and ...GET A FREE DOMESTIC OR INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS SHIPPING QUOTE ONLINE. Packages and pallets, big and small, we can offer you an instant quote for your shipping needs both domestically and internationally. Fill out your shipment details below to discover your quotes. If you are satisfied, simply continue to book.New York City. United States. JFK. John F. Kennedy International Airport. Funchal (Madeira) Portugal. FNC. Madeira Airport. Check Prices. Flight schedule. su. mo. tu. …Accessing the Algarve region, in the south of Portugal, is easy via land transport from the rest of Portugal or from Spain. Its main hub is the city of Faro, the regional capital, which has its own international airport.There is another small airport in the Algarve, in Portimão, though it receives far fewer flights.. The Algarve is known for its …American Airlines flights from United States to Portugal. Find American Airlines flights from United States to Portugal. Enjoy an exceptional travel experience at an affordable price. Book your trip today!Staying for. 5 night stay. To Lisbonfrom New York. 5/30/2024 - 6/04/2024. from. $1,508*. per person based on 2-person occupancy. Updated:22hoursago. *Average total price per person based on round trip flights in the Main Cabin and double occupancy hotel stays.9 Direct Flights From NYC for 2024, Starting at $250 Round-Trip. New York City Airports + Flying. by Katherine Parker-Magyar Apr 30, 2023. New York City may not be the center of the world, despite what …Book New York to Portugal flight deals*. Known for its great maritime explorers and Moorish architecture, Portugal’s Mediterranean climate and varied landscapes draw visitors from around the world. Book your flight to Portugal with Aer Lingus and experience Portugal’s deep heritage and culture for yourself. Cheap Flights from New York to Porto (JFK-OPO) Prices were available within the past 7 days and start at $276 for one-way flights and $447 for round trip, for the period specified. Prices and availability are subject to change. Additional terms apply. Book one-way or return flights from New York to Porto with no change fee on selected flights. Portugal needs to “pay the costs” of slavery and other colonial-era crimes, the country’s president has said, in a rare instance of a European leader seemingly …Lisbon to Fort Lauderdale. 16 Days (15 Nights) Lisbon to Fort Lauderdale. Cruise Line: Silversea. Ship: Silver Ray. Departure: 04 December 2024. Countries Visited: Antigua and Barbuda, Portugal, Puerto Rico, USA. Port-to-Port Door-to-Door Upgrade Option.Portland, Ore. Jordan Gale for The New York Times. By German Lopez. Published Aug. 4, 2023 Updated Jan. 12, 2024. When Oregon was getting ready to vote on whether to decriminalize all drugs in ...Plus: Man Utd remain at least £13m apart from Newcastle in their negotiations over a compensation agreement for Dan Ashworth; West Ham are keeping … Flights from Albany, New York to Portugal. $2,188. Flights from Binghamton to Portugal. $632. Flights from Buffalo to Portugal. $1,221. Flights from Elmira to Portugal. $1,951. Flights from Islip, New York to Portugal.
The requirements to be eligible for a D7 Visa in Portugal are pretty straightforward. Here are the main eligibility criteria for the Portugal D7 Visa. Non-EU/EEA/Swiss citizen. Minimum passive income of €8,460 per year (+ 50% for spouse and + 30% for dependent child) Clean criminal record.. Surest
The total straight line flight distance from New York, NY to Portugal is 3,412 miles. This is equivalent to 5 490 kilometers or 2,965 nautical miles. Your trip begins in New York, New York. It ends in Portugal. Your flight direction from New York, NY to Portugal is East (69 degrees from North).Time difference between New York and Portugal including per hour local time conversion table. World Time Zone Map. Time Converter. New York to Portugal. 24 timezones tz. e.g. India, London, Japan. World Time. World Clock. Cities Countries GMT time UTC time AM and PM. Time zone conveter Area Codes. United States Canada.To Portugal. New York - Lisbon. Flights from New York to Lisbon. From. close. compare_arrows. To. close. Book cheap flights from New York to Lisbon. Enjoy award …The total flight duration from United States to Portugal is 9 hours, 41 minutes. This assumes an average flight speed for a commercial airliner of 500 mph, which is equivalent to 805 km/h or 434 knots. It also adds an extra 30 minutes for take-off and landing. Your exact time may vary depending on wind speeds.To Portugal. New York - Lisbon. Flights from New York to Lisbon. From. close. compare_arrows. To. close. Book cheap flights from New York to Lisbon. Enjoy award …Based on KAYAK searches from the last 72 hours, if you fly from Boston, you should have a good chance of getting the best deal to Lisbon as it was the cheapest place to fly from.Prices were found for as low as $242 one-way and $462 for a round-trip flight. Also in the last 72 hours, the most popular connection to Lisbon was from Washington, D.C. …Thu, Nov 14 FAO – EWR with TAP Air Portugal. 1 stop. from $639. Faro.$679 per passenger.Departing Wed, Oct 16, returning Mon, Oct 21.Round-trip flight with TAP Air Portugal.Outbound indirect flight with TAP Air Portugal, departing from New York Newark on Wed, Oct 16, arriving in Faro.Inbound indirect flight with TAP Air …Lisbon-Santa Apolonia to Porto-Campanha is the main route for faster trains from Lisbon. Your ticket will also be good for a free transfer from Campanha Station to Porto’s other train station, Sao Bento, just inside the old city. These transfers come every 5-15 minutes and take just about 5 minutes between stations.Tue 4/23. Tue 4/30. 1 adult, Economy. Find deals. We work with more than 300 partners to bring you better travel deals. The best prices from New York to Lisbon … Change currency. Feedback. Help. Flights from New York to Porto. Use Google Flights to plan your next trip and find cheap one way or round trip flights from New York to Porto. Portuguese NYC. Portuguese NYC is centered in Newark, New Jersey and Astoria, Queens. Portuguese food is delicious with amazing seafood including bacalhau (salted cod). Fado music is popular around the world. We love Portuguese people and culture, but Portugal was a colonizer. Even worse, Portugal started and ran much of the Atlantic …London, England. Maremagnum/Getty Images. From New York City, London is by far the easiest place in Europe to travel in terms of frequency and airline choice. To hop across the pond, you can pick ...GRS Certified Italian Recycled Nylon Swim Trunks Made in Portugal. Find Us At. WORKING WITH FRIENDS Special Projects. ... A Collection of Our Favorite Pieces From Marseille to NYC. Ace Hotel. GOTS Certified Organic Cotton T-Shirts Made in Portugal. SALT. Optics. GOTS Certified Organic Cotton Made in Japan & Portugal.Day 6: Take a day trip to the Douro Valley. Today, set off from Porto to visit one of the most dreamy destinations in Portugal: the Douro Valley. Set a couple of hours east of Porto (give or take), the Douro Valley is the origin of the famous port wine and the oldest demarcated wine region in the world. READ NEXT. Portugal ». Algarve. $525. Flights to Faro, Algarve. Find flights to Algarve from $201. Fly from New York on Scandinavian Airlines, Azores Airlines and more. Search for Algarve flights on KAYAK now to find the best deal. .